EFFECT OF MULTIMEDIA INSTRUCTION ON PERFORMANCE INRESPIRATORY SYSTEM CONCEPT AMONG BIOLOGY STUDENTS INZARIA EDUCATION ZONE, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA
Keywords:
Multimedia Instruction, Academic Performance, Respiratory System, Biology, Quasi-experimental Design, Senior Secondary School.Abstract
This study examined the effect of multimedia instruction on students’ performance in the respiratory system
concept among Biology students in Zaria Education Zone, Kaduna State, Nigeria. Two research objectives,
questions, and hypotheses guided the study. A quasi-experimental non-randomized pretest–posttest control group
design was adopted. The population comprised 3,709 SS II Biology students in public co-educational secondary
schools within the study area. A sample of 138 students (56 males and 82 females) selected from two schools
participated using purposive and simple random sampling techniques, while intact classes were used for the
experiment. Data were collected using the Respiratory System Performance Test (RSPT), validated by experts
and found reliable with a Pearson Product-Moment Correlation coefficient of 0.85. The experimental group was
taught using multimedia instruction, while the control group received the conventional lecture method. The
treatment lasted six weeks. Data were analysed using mean and standard deviation to answer the research
questions, while Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) and Independent Samples t-test were used to test the
hypotheses at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that students exposed to multimedia instruction
performed significantly better than those taught using the lecture method, and pretest scores significantly predicted
students’ post-test performance. Gender had no significant effect on students’ performance. The study concluded
that multimedia instruction enhances students’ academic performance in Biology more effectively than the
conventional method, and offers an equitable learning environment for both male and female students. It is
recommended that biology teachers should adopt multimedia instructional strategies, and relevant stakeholders
should invest in teacher training and the provision of multimedia facilities in schools.